Lennard-Jones potential
In computational chemistry, molecular physics, and physical chemistry, the Lennard-Jones potential is an intermolecular pair potential. Out of all the intermolecular potentials, the Lennard-Jones potential is probably the one that has been the most extensively studied. It is considered an archetype model for simple yet realistic intermolecular interactions. The Lennard-Jones potential is often used as a building block in molecular models for more complex substances. Many studies of the idealized "Lennard-Jones substance" use the potential to understand the physical nature of matter.
Source: Wikipedia
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